Online threats target key climate diet report
A Major Scientific Update on Healthy and Sustainable Diets
A significant scientific update to one of the most influential food and planetary health reports in recent years is currently facing a coordinated misinformation campaign. The EAT-Lancet Commission, an independent scientific body collaborating with the prestigious British medical journal The Lancet, has released a major revision of its 2019 report on diets that are both healthy for people and the planet. This updated report emphasizes the importance of incorporating a diverse range of nuts, legumes, whole grains, fruits, and vegetables into daily meals while significantly reducing meat, dairy, and sugar consumption.
This message, which seems straightforward, has been widely accepted by global health and environmental experts. According to Johan Rockström, co-chair of the commission and director of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, food systems account for roughly 30% of global greenhouse gas emissions. New research from over 35 countries across six continents highlights how integrating healthy foods into dietary guidelines, addressing food loss and waste, choosing local products, and adopting sustainable agricultural practices can reduce environmental stress and cut emissions by more than half. These changes could also prevent up to 15 million premature deaths annually.
"By uniting the latest science on health and climate, it shows that what we put on our plates can save millions of lives, cut billions of tons of emissions, halt the loss of biodiversity, and create a fairer food system," Rockström stated.
A Coordinated Campaign Against the Planetary Health Diet
Despite the widespread acceptance of the "planetary health diet"—which was cited over 10,000 times since its initial release in 2019—this message has not been well-received in online communities that promote meat-centered diets as natural, essential, and environmentally friendly. The original report faced a surge of misinformation on social media, including misleading or biased content that undermined its findings.
An investigation by the Changing Markets Foundation revealed that a "targeted and coordinated campaign" involving industry-friendly scientists, doctors, health influencers, journalists, and authors aimed to discredit the 2019 EAT-Lancet report and its sustainability research. Critics portrayed the report as "dangerous, elitist, and anti-science." Maddy Haughton-Boakes, a senior campaigner at Changing Markets, noted that much of the backlash initially appeared organic but was later found to be orchestrated.
She explained that "mis-influencers" used similar wording and hashtags like #Yes2Meat, #MeatHeals, and #ClimateFoodFacts to promote the benefits of meat consumption. With rising food prices and geopolitical instability, there are signs that this latest report may face similar resistance.
Social Media and AI Fueling Misinformation
Haughton-Boakes pointed out that the weakening of fact-checking mechanisms and safeguards against misleading information on platforms such as X, Instagram, and Facebook have contributed to the spread of misinformation. The rise of AI tools has further accelerated the distribution of fake news, deepfake videos, and convincing images.
Jose Henrique Bortoluci, a sociologist with the Paris-based Geopolitical Studies Group, and Emmanuel Guerin, a fellow at the European Climate Foundation, highlighted how the relative freedom of social media has created an environment where climate disinformation thrives. They emphasized that opportunistic individuals and groups have mastered the art of imitating expertise or undermining it through the rise of pseudo-experts and think tanks that discredit climate science.
In an email to DW, Bortoluci stressed the need for social media platforms to be regulated similarly to broadcast media and advertising. He argued that no individual or institutional effort can limit the spread of fake news unless platforms themselves take responsibility for tackling the issue.
Reclaiming the Emotional Narrative
Rockström expressed concern about the resurgence of misinformation and climate denialism but emphasized that the new report is equipped to withstand these challenges. He clarified that the planetary health diet is not a one-size-fits-all approach, countering a common misinterpretation of the 2019 report.
Walter C. Willett, professor of epidemiology and nutrition at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, noted that the planetary health diet aligns with many traditional diets worldwide. To connect with people, the report will feature a series of images showcasing examples of this healthy meal plan on its website. This initiative aims to reclaim the "emotional narrative" that has been distorted by misinformation.
"[The pictures] make the case that this is not a deprivation diet that we're talking about," said Willett. "This is something that could be delicious, aspirational, and healthy."