Monday, August 18, 2025

The Secret I've Carried for 56 Years — Now Revealed to Save Lives

The Secret I've Carried for 56 Years — Now Revealed to Save Lives

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A Personal Story of Abortion Before Legalization

In 1957, as I prepared to leave England for the United States, my mother offered me some final advice. Instead of the usual words of wisdom about marriage or life, she gave me a method to terminate a pregnancy. She suggested boiling half a bottle of red wine and drinking it while it was hot, then standing on a chair and jumping off several times. Her recommendation was unusual, but not uncommon at the time.

At that point in history, abortion was not only illegal but also dangerous. In the United Kingdom, many women used knitting needles to end their pregnancies, while in the United States, wire coat hangers were a common tool. My mother believed her method was safer. However, I found her advice amusing and did not take it seriously. I planned to be fitted with a diaphragm upon arriving in America, as I was confident I could avoid unplanned pregnancies.

Upon my arrival, I looked up obstetricians in the yellow pages and found a doctor nearby. To my disappointment, she refused to fit me, stating I should return after I was married. This was the same policy in Britain, where contraception was only available to married women. My wedding was just two weeks away, and I wondered what this doctor thought would happen on my honeymoon.

Our first child, Ruth, was born two years after our marriage, followed by Dan 21 months later. Caring for two young children was exhausting, but I found it exhilarating. Watching them grow was like witnessing a miracle. Then, three and a half years later, I discovered I was pregnant again.

During my morning sickness, Ruth and Dan both contracted German measles, or rubella. I knew the risks—pregnancy during the first trimester could lead to serious birth defects, including deafness, cataracts, heart problems, developmental disabilities, and even stillbirth. When I asked my obstetrician what he would do if I caught rubella, he simply shrugged and said, “Nothing.” A friend who had the same experience attempted suicide and spent the rest of her life in a vegetative state.

After our third child, Jonathan, was born, we moved to Berkeley, where I was fitted with an IUD. Ezra’s architectural practice was thriving, and he was teaching at UC Berkeley. He often traveled, leaving me to manage three children with different needs. I felt overwhelmed and inadequate as a parent.

In 1969, when Jonathan entered kindergarten, I returned to my studies at the University of California. Life finally felt more balanced. But one morning, I woke up with the familiar signs of early pregnancy. I denied the possibility at first, relying on my IUD, which I believed to be 99% effective. However, I was part of that unlucky 1%.

The thought of carrying a baby alongside the IUD terrified me. What damage could it cause? More importantly, I couldn’t handle another child. Life was just beginning to feel normal, and the idea of a fourth child filled me with dread.

I made an appointment with my obstetrician, who confirmed the pregnancy. I told him I was resigned to having another baby, but he sensed my reluctance. “Go home and talk to your husband,” he said. “If you decide you don’t want to continue, call my office and say you’re bleeding heavily. I’ll meet you at the hospital.”

I was stunned. For the first time, I felt a sense of relief. The doctor was offering me a choice, something I never thought possible. After discussing it with Ezra, we both agreed we didn’t want another child.

The next day, I called the doctor’s office and lied about heavy bleeding. Ezra drove me to the hospital, where we met the doctor. As I was wheeled into the operating room, the nurse squeezed my hand and said, “You’ll be fine.” That was the last thing I remembered.

When I awoke, I was relieved and grateful. Ezra brought me my favorite ice cream, and we shared our feelings of relief. I didn’t tell anyone about the procedure. I was afraid of the legal consequences, and I kept the secret until now.

Had my doctor not offered this option, I might have gone to Mexico or faced the dangers of illegal procedures. Many women suffered from botched abortions or lacked access to healthcare altogether. I was risk-averse and would have likely carried the pregnancy to term, leading to a life of exhaustion and resentment.

Today, at 92, I still feel anger toward legislators who force women to carry pregnancies against their will. Women are often portrayed as foolish teenagers, but many mature women with families face these difficult decisions. Right-to-life advocates focus on rare procedures while ignoring the suffering of women who undergo them.

I share my story now because I believe it can help wake people up to the dangers of restricting reproductive rights. We are returning to a time when women are denied control over their bodies. Doctors fear following the example of my obstetrician, and women with complications are left to suffer.

Stories of regret after abortion are common in antiabortion circles, but my experience was the opposite. It allowed us to have the family we wanted. I have no regrets.

I will always be grateful to my doctor, who risked his career to help me. Now, women are forced to resort to unsafe methods, just as they did before abortion became legal. We are returning to the days of coat hangers and knitting needles.

Cynthia Ehrenkrantz is a writer and storyteller. She was born in Britain and immigrated to the United States in 1957. Her memoir, “Seeking Shelter: Memoir of a Jewish Girlhood in Wartime Britain,” is available wherever books are sold. She lives in Westchester County, New York.

Why Is Women's Mental Health Research So Far Behind?

Why Is Women's Mental Health Research So Far Behind?

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The Rising Mental Health Crisis and the Gender Gap

A global mental health crisis is intensifying, with women experiencing a disproportionate share of the burden. While men tend to have higher rates of antisocial personality and substance use disorders, women are 20% to 40% more likely to suffer from mental health disorders overall. They are twice as likely to be diagnosed with anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and eating disorders. This gap is further complicated by the fact that conditions once considered more common in men are now becoming more prevalent among women.

For instance, alcohol use disorder has seen a significant increase in both sexes. From 2001/2002 to 2012/2013, annual diagnosis rates in men increased by 35%, while in women, the rate rose by an astonishing 84%. These trends highlight the growing need for gender-specific research and treatment approaches.

The Lack of Research on Women's Mental Health

The soaring rates of mental health disorders in women are particularly concerning, especially given the limited understanding of the biological factors that contribute to these conditions. Historically, medical research has underrepresented females, leading to a significant knowledge gap. This bias stems from outdated assumptions that male bodies are the standard, along with concerns about hormonal fluctuations affecting research outcomes.

As a result, most studies have focused on males, with findings generalized to females. This approach persists in many human and animal studies, despite recent efforts to change it. For example, only 20% of animal studies between 2015 and 2019 included both sexes, and only 29% of clinical trials for alcohol use disorder between 2010 and 2019 involved women.

This disparity means that most drug treatments for mental health disorders are developed and tested primarily on males, often overlooking important biological differences in women. Consequently, treatment outcomes for women may be less effective and carry greater risks of side effects.

The Need for Personalized Treatment Options

There is an urgent need for more personalized treatment options that account for biological sex differences. This includes developing therapies that consider how mental health disorders affect men and women differently. Addressing this gap could lead to better treatment outcomes and improved safety for all patients.

One promising approach is the use of translatable animal models, which allow researchers to study the brain in detail. These models help investigate specific aspects of mental health disorders and screen potential drugs before human trials. For example, a recent study published in Nature Communications used a mouse model of binge drinking to explore how the brain drives alcohol consumption differently in males and females.

The Role of Ghrelin in Alcohol Consumption

The study focused on the hormone ghrelin, commonly known as the "hunger hormone." Produced in the stomach, ghrelin signals the brain when to eat. However, its role extends beyond appetite. Preclinical and clinical studies have linked ghrelin to alcohol craving and consumption.

In this study, researchers examined ghrelin’s effect on the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, a small brain region with high levels of ghrelin receptors. They found that reducing ghrelin receptor expression in this area decreased binge drinking in female mice but had no impact on males. Notably, female sex hormones did not influence this outcome.

Through follow-up studies, the team identified the specific ghrelin receptor cells responsible for regulating binge drinking in females. This finding highlights the complex ways in which the brain can drive alcohol consumption differently between the sexes.

A Call for Inclusive Research

It is essential that future research improves our understanding of how mental health conditions affect both men and women. Many medical research organizations are beginning to address this issue. For example, the U.S. National Institutes of Health now requires consideration of biological sex in funded research. Similarly, the National Health and Medical Research Council in Australia released a statement in July 2024 urging researchers to consider sex and gender in their work.

Addressing the gender knowledge and health gap is a shared goal that can lead to more personalized and effective treatments. By including both sexes in research, we can uncover critical insights that benefit everyone, especially women.